ulceration вЂ“ with bleeding, scarring and stricture (narrowing) of the oesophagus.oesophagitis вЂ“ inflammation of the oesophagus.cigarettes вЂ“ giving up smoking reduces the frequency of symptoms.Д¬omplications of gastro-oesophageal reflux diseaseД¬hronic (ongoing) exposure of the oesophagus to gastric juices can lead to:.dietary factors вЂ“ dietary fats, chocolate, alcohol and coffee may provoke heartburn because of their effect on the sphincter.hiatus hernia вЂ“ part of the stomach is pushed up through the diaphragm and stays there.Gastro-oesophageal reflux diseaseДЇrequent heartburn (also called gastro-oesophageal reflux disease) can also be caused by: Any extra pressure on the stomach, such as stooping, forces the stomach contents up into the oesophagus. The extra fat inside the abdominal wall reduces the amount of room for the stomach and small intestines. Persistent heartburn can be caused by obesity. Usually, taking an antacid and waiting is all the treatment needed for heartburn in healthy people. However, food inside the stomach is only kept there by the force of gravity, so don't lie down after a big meal. The oesophagus uses muscular contractions (called 'peristalsis') to squeeze swallowed food down into the stomach.

advanced pregnancy, when the womb pushes up against the stomach.

anxiety, which can make the stomach 'churn'.

eating a large meal and then doing some kind of physical activity, like lifting or bending.

This is called 'reflux' (also known as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, indigestion or heartburn) and feels like a burning sensation behind the breastbone. Sometimes, even in healthy individuals, the contents of the stomach squeeze up through the sphincter and back into the oesophagus. Once food is chewed and swallowed, it is pushed by muscular waves down the oesophagus and through a sphincter (or muscle ring) into the stomach.

Why do i get acid relux